Combined emergency and main brake.



No- 837,400. PATENTBD DEG. 4, 1906.

e. B. eaosv'nuon.

COMBINED EMERGENCY AND MAIN BRAKE. APPLIOATIOI rmzb 11.13.22. 1m.

In ventor:

CZM. 14%Q'M My PATENTED DEC. 4, 1906.

G. B. GROSVENOR. COMBINED EMERGENCY AND MAIN BRAKE.

ZAPPLIOATION FILED MAR. 22190B; I 4 sanmg+snnirr z.

In ven tor:

by %4777'7Pm Atty PATENTED DEC. 4, 19016.. G'. BPGROSVENOR. COMBINEDEMERGENCY AND MAIN BRAKE.

APPLICATION FILED BAR. 22, 190B.

4 BEETS-832E3 3.

I i v Inventor:

PATENIED DEU- 4,. 1906.

- I e, B. GROSVENOR. COMBINED EMERGENCY AND MAIN 'BR-AKB.

- APPLIUATION FILED MAR. 22;1906.

4 sums-51mm 4.

nun nu attorney snares OFFICE."

GRAHAM e. enosyniqoa'or NE-WYDBK, 'N- Y.'. ASSIQNOR'TQ-OTIS siirivaros-COMPANY.LOF JERSEY oiTY. N'EW'J'ERSEY; A CORPO- ssrrfien or. NE JERSEY.

Gem-smart,e nsnessier satin Maia BRAKE his.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented 13 5.4, 1906..

a ear-io fi1edMarch22,1SOB.. smiinsomss;

NOR, a citizen of the United. States, residing.

at blew Yorh city, in.the county of New for}; and Patate of New York,have invented new asst iniproveinent in a Combined iiication i Y nonelates to brake apparatus, ularly adapted for stopping elecbut may ave ageneral applies;

F objects of my invention is the provision Ola combined emergency andmam brake for electric elevators, which brake shall. simpie eornpact,efiicient, and ieli 7 r sole. k y

fin'ther object of the present invention is-the provision of animproved-and more eficient emergency-brake in connection with;

an ordinary brake and-electric contact controlled by theemergency-brake.

.l'inother object of my invention is to prov'ide means for relieving thestrain on the.

emergency-brake apparatus when the mainbrake spring acts'to apply thebrake-shoes.

Another object of. the inventionistoprof vide anemergency brakeapparatus including contacts in the controlling-circuit of an electricelevator and meansfor automatically restoring such contacts-to normalposition upon the st'oppingof theelevator-car.

Other obiects of this invention will appear hereinafter, the novelcombination of el ements' being pointedout in-theclaims. v Referring tothe 'drawin'gsFigure 1 repre sents insideele'vation, partly in section,my improved combined emergency and main brake." Fig. 2 represents a planview'of Fig. '1 taken on the line a a, Fig.3 is a sectional elevation'ofthe lower portionof Fig. ltaken on the line b and-lookingin thedirection of" the. arrows Figs; sand-1:5 represent in erspective-eertaindetailsTof Figs. 2; an 3. Fig. 16 isan elevation of a detail of Fig. 5,v and Fig. '7 represents a diagramof an elevator apparatus in which. my"improved emergency" and main brake apparatus may be used.

In Fig.' 1 thereference-number desig nates a frame er suppolt onthe-upper portion of which is mounted the casing which wency and MainBralre,. of which the em'g'zloyed in the operation of ele-' incloses the*brake-n'iagnet' solenoid -3.

the upper endof the casing 2 =is secured the pole-piece 4,which extendsdownwardly into the solenoid 3' alshort distance, which may be varied asdesired. Also attached to the up.1-'-- perportion f the casing 2 is alaterally-ex.-

tending bracket '6 for supporting the brake.- spring 7, which'is -heldin position by i the nut and washer 8; .which' appear at t e uppershrew-threaded end of the brake-applyin rod 9.- The lower end of'th'erod 9 is pivotc to the central portion of the shaft 10, as indic'ated inFig. 2. Also mounted on this shaft 10 are the bearings 12 .12 of thedouble bellcrank 11. Atthe outer ends of the shaft 10 are mounted theperforated arms '13 13 ofthe f bral e-band 1.4., which latter is abrake-shoe 1'5. Through alongitudinal. opening 67" in the upper portion16 of the bell'crank 11 ex provided-with tends a shaft 17, to the outerends of which' are connected in any suitable manner .the

arms 19 19 of the brake-band 20, to which is secured the. brake-shoe 21.The brake-- shoes 15 and 21 are adapted to be applied to thebrake-pulley P1, fastened tojt'he motor- 22,' whe'n the brake-spring 7.is freeto move the'rod 9 upwardly in .the well-known manner: Iii-this.instance the shafis'l-O and '17 are shown as bolts, whicharejprovided,*re-.

spectivelyfwith nuts'68 and 69 for securing said bolts rigidly to'thearms 13 13 and 19 19 of the brake-bands. -,The bearings 12,12

and 16 arefreelvmovable on said'shafts. However, these-details ofconstruction may be varied as desired by thoseskilled in the art withoutaltering theprinciple of my in: vention. -Als0' mounted onthe shaft,10,4 so

'as to be freely moved thereon',' are the bears ing's' 23 23"fof arocking plate 24, the other end of which isprovided with perforated lugsor arms 25 25, through which passes-the rod or bolt 27." The ro,d.27, asshown'in Fig. 5,

as well as the shaft 10, is a stud-bolt, and .in

Fig. 2 are shown nuts 70 70 for. securing the stud-bolt 27 rigidly tothe arms 25 25. The

. rod. 27 passesthrough an opening in the'extre'me lower end of thevertical rod 26, which is'secured rigidly .in any suitable manner tothe'yertically-movable magnet core or plun ger. 5. It will'thus be seenthat wheneyer the brake-magnet 3 is energized the rod 26 will be drawnupwardly and the platev 01-4 ver 24 rocked upon the bearings2 3 23 asfulcrum; but this action can in no wa affect the brake-bands or thebrake-rod 9. order to change this fulcrum to some pointrrlidway betweenthe ends of the rocking plate 24, I

pass a rod bolt 29 through enlargedportions 28 28 insaid lever or plate.As shown in Fig, 5, the rectangular openingis pla ced in' the centralportion of the plate 24 between the bearings 28 28, and

emergency-brake magnet from that comready referred to.

' trolled.

pertinent which contains the leverage, all- As shown in Figs. 5 and6,-the extreme lower end of the :rod 34'lia-s an opening 35', throughwhich passes a connecting rod 35, the latter being secured to the ar-Jma'ture 38 of the emergency-brake magnet 41, as indicated in Figs.'1and13.

The emergency brake armature '38 is pivoted at 39 to a bracket whiirhextends from the emergency-brake cup or inclosing cylin der 40. Alsosecured to the emergencybrake pot 40 is an insulated contact 71, whichis adapted to cooperate with an additional contact -72, which is mountedon and insulated-from the outer end of the emergency-brake' 38. When thearmature is in attracted position, as indicated in Fig. 1, the contacts'71 and 72 are in engagement witheach other, and when in thisconditionthey close any circuit which is desired to be con- In Fig. 7 Ihave illustrated these contacts in the controlling-circuit of anelectric elevator system; but I do notdesire to be limited to such use,as Fig. 7 merely, illustrates one application of my invention.

.50 long as the emergency-brake armature is held attracted the shaft orrod 29 is held stationary, and therefore whenever the brake-magnet isenergized and its core 5 consequentlyliftedtherod 9-will be ulled down?wardly by reason of the lever-p ate 24 being rockedon the shaft 29asafulcrum. When the rod 9 is thus moved, downwardly, the shaft 10 ismoved With it,and' so, also, the arms 13 13 of the brake-band 14. Whenthe shaft 10 is thus moved downwardly, the double bell-crank will bemoved on its bearings 44, which are mounted on the inwardlyextendingrods 73 73, as'indicated in Figs. 2 and 3. Motion will thus betransmitted by the bell-crank 11 to the arms 19 19, which are connectedto the outer ends of the rod '17, which extends through the opening '67in the bearing 16. The brake band 20 will therefore .be'\ moved at thesame time a. brake-band 14 is moved. Consequently both brakeshoes '15and 21 will be move. out of engagement with the pulley P, after which.the shaft 22 may be sired. When the emergency-brake magnet 41- J.ischenergized and the brakema et 3 is energ zed, the fulcrum will chan eom the shaft 29 to the shaft 10, and intli is case noeffect will beproduced on the brake-bands, as the lever-plate 24 will move freely upand down between the bearings "44 44. Obviously each time the magnet 3energized Whenthe magznet '41 is denergized the 'GIHQTgOHUYf bra e rod32,-and consequently thearmature 38, will be moved upwardly with saidlove? plate 24. When, however, the brake-magnet 3 is deenergized, therod 32 and armature 38, together with the. magnet-core 5,-w'ill dropback to their normal positions- When this occurs,-it is preferable thatthe-weight of the parts connected to the armatum '38 andextending-upwardly should be taken by the shoulder 33 striking againstthe partition 37. movement of the larmature 38, however, to

insure a firm engagement of :the'contacts -71' and 72; but the armatureshould'not in most instances be allowed to fall directlf upon the top orupper peripheral portion 0 the emer gency-brake pot -40. Although thisis the preferable arrangement to prevent the least injury and wear-tothe emergency-brake apparatus, these detailsfmay be varied. deemednecessary and most expedient.

Referrin' now to Fig. 7, one a plication-of my invention will be exlained A desig- There should be sufficient downward I nates amotor-armature 0 an electric motor which is connected to suitablehoisting apparatus for operating the car, in which is placed a manualcontrolling-switch S and also a safety or emergency switch 48. R Rdesignate reversing-switches for directing'the cur, rent of the motor tothe motor-armature to other in the well-known manner; also, to ef* feetthe energization of the accelerating-magnets 46, which control'theseries field 74 and the resistance 47', as well as the shuntdield 50 andbrake-magnet 3. The emergency-brake magnet 41 is connected ,to theemergencyswitoh 48 in the car, and the contacts 71 and [1C operate thesame .in one direction or the 72, controlled the emergency-brake'magnet, are in series with the reversing-switch magnets 60 60 and themanual reversingswitch S in the car, so that whenever the contacts 71 72are out of engagement the reversing-switches cannot be operated. So,also,

when lever-switches 49 49 are operated the reversingswitche's cannot beoperated. Assuming that the car-switch is moved so that itscontact-lever 63-engages with contact 62, a circuit will be. closed fromthe main from the wires 51, 52, and 55, limit positivehereinbeforedescribed, so long. as the switches ih itijcontacts 1 72wire solen 'oid 60, wire 61 contact 62 lever 63., wire 64:,"emergency-switch 48,. wire 65to'the negative main.

The bridge 'piece 57 will now'be lifted and the. shunt-field coil 50connected across the mains and; so, also, the Brake-magnet 3, which isconnected mp arallel in this instance with the shunt-field .50. The 1emergencybrake magnet 41. is always energized so long as there ispotential across the-mains and the emer ency-switch'48 isclosed'. Thiscircuit may 'e'traced frorir'the positive main to the point '66 andthence through the emergencyrake magnet 41 wire 67, emergency br'ak'eswitch 48, and-iwire 65 to the negative main;

emer ency brake magnet 41 is energized sufficient'y to hold down itsarmature 38the brake magnet 3 is effctive inreleasing thebrake-shoesfrom the pulley P againstthe action ofthe brakerspring 7.. When,however,.

the emergency-switch 48 inthe car is opened,

the circuit of the magnet 41 is-interrupted,

' and if the-core 5-of the1nain-brake magnet 3 is lifted at this timethe armature 38jw1ll-irne'inergenc brak e ma 'et being thusdeenev 1gized an the main" rakefagplied and the- .e car will beoperating-circuits opened, t

stopped, or it will be materially reduced in f'speed until the switchisimoved to central position, when the 'car come to an absolute stop..It should be articularlyhoted, howf ever, -that. When the rake-magnet 3is den 'ergized the parts connected tothe core 5 iiieluding thearInature'SS, will .dropback to their norn 1al positions with'the core5;"thus avoiding any necessity of'th'e operator; going 'to the motorapparatus torestor'e the emerb'rake mechanism. Furthermore," itsothat'when the emergency-switch '48 isagain In" emergencyheretofore. whenthe current to the magne't be'operated as before;

closed the car may brake devices employed is cut oil in most'every'instancc the cover of the emergency-brake pot, or, in other words,the armature of the emergency brake magnet, will'be, lifted, thusbreaking the contacts and leaving them broken, thus making itric'es'sary' for the attendant to' go down tothe motor-room and resetthearmature-contacts, when current'isagain turned on. By the use of myconstruction when the main brake,

coil' is not excited -with current there .is' no strain or very littlestrain upon the armature of the emergency-brake magnet, and,furthermore, ar cutting off "of the'current' from the .of theemergency-brake;

that nuts'for adjusting the bfalgeespring.are lso situated that they canbe reac 'siderable time.

1 of the I brake sprin d be noted that thecOntacts -71 72 are. alsoautomatically brought iI-rtoenga'gement,

emergency brake magnet coil does not-cause the armature 38".to rise eandbreak'its con tacts' when the brake-magnet 3is energized Iattbistime; Iv

, The. condition mentioned involving the necessity of-"an attendant tomanually 're-} store emergency-brake apparatus is-annoying {and often.overcomeby lacing some object under the weight-arm, t ius'rendering'the-emergency device inoperative "With my construction, however,"- suchcover-does ;not at any time rise when the brake is in nor-: inal workingorder, and therefore ther'eis no motive for an attendant to render thedevice inoperativeQ- g Through the agencies of-rust, dirt, crimproperadjustment it is possible, thatemera gency devices heretofore used willnot apply the hoisting-machine; but with the apparatus herein disclosedthe brake-bands are applied in exactly the same manner and the-same;pressure when released; by the emergency- -magne t"-as' when releasedby-the main mag.-

net." Ascan be readilyfseen, every stop der normal conditions is atestof the efiicienc Also-"in previo emergency-magnet devices, o'wmgtothe-fact;

ed only with especial wrench, it is customary to use 7 a chi'selandahammer in turning them, which "not, on 1y spoils the nuts, Ibutconsume's-."co'1'1'-'5 ,It should be'noted thatgt'he,

spring 7 and the adjustingnut and washer-in the brakeba'nds withs'uflicient' force. to-s top my'dev'ice are situated on topof the brake1 stand and arenot'inclosed.--

Heretofore when the conditions'weresuch thatit was necessary toincreasethe tension'j to a sufiicientextentitoj make the brake e ectivethe jar of-a plying the brake-bands"-was often so her asito breakthecontacts controlled by'the emery gencyebrake I magnet 01' at least tocause a chattering of '.the" armature-contacts; disclosed herein,however, the instant the" maimbrakeicoil is deEnergized. the strainremoved from the cover of 'the emergency-.4 brake-magnetp'ot.

brake-pulley has noefiect upon the arma ure 38for the contacts 7-],"2'2.

? Ow ng to the small. amountofspace machines, principally large {drumexternalgeared' machines, residence ,fand back-ge ared machines, it isdifficult to mount su'ch' stands and also to make adjustmentsahdnrepairs."

I My invention ,howevenconternplates the placingof both theemergenoy andthemain brake magnets on one stand with the brake'applying device, sothat my brake apparatus occupies the same base-space now occupied by themain-brake magnet alone. For'ans'e on alternating-currentresidenceelevatorsj the.

"Consequently the shock- I of'the brake-bands gripping thecoupling-or I-oi brake} standswofmany electric-elevatorwtacts together and :which isbefore the main-brake coil receives current.

This .will insure that the emergency-brake armature be heldv with itscona firmiulcrum establi hed for-the main-brake magnet to act upon torelease the brake-shoes and allow tor to operate elevator apparatus inthe dcsired manner.

i In addition to the above features, which have been pointed out so thatthe operation may bereadily understood, my improved combined emergencyand main brake lends for efiectmg the itself readily to standardization.This is for the reason that on, the same stand either interchangedmechanical parts or a magnet can be used Without any change in theemergency-- brake and parts connected with the brakebands. ,Althoughlhave herein show-n a single embodiment of the principles, ofmyinvention, I wish i-tto be understood that i do not desire to belimited to any of the details of'construc- Ition herein shown anddescribed, as various modifications maybe made by those skilled in the.art Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

llclaini-- v 1. In brake apparatus, the combination with a. brake, ofmeans for applying the same a main magnet, an auxiliary magnet, andmeans acte upon by said auxiliary magnet release of the brake upon theen'ergizati'on of said main net.

i with a brake, of j4o,

, 2. In brake apparatus, t e combination mechanical means for applyingthe said brake, an 'electromagnet, connectionsqbetween saidelectromagnet and said brake, and electromechanical means forestablishing a fixed fulcrum in said connections to effect a releaseofsaid brake upon the enere gization of said electromagnet. 3.'In brake"apparatus, the combination with a brake and brake-applying means, ofbrake-releasing means, and electromechanical means for positivelycontrolling said brake-releasing means. 7

4 In brake apparatus, the combination I with a brake and brake-applyingmeans, of

an electromagnetic brake-releasing device, and electromagnetic meansactmg positively on said brake-releasing de ice torender the 1 sameoperative.

5. In brake apparatus, the combination with a brake and a brake-applyingdevice therefor, of a inainbrake magnet, connec--' tions between saidmagnet and the brake, an

mergencpbrahe magnet, and connections betweensaid emergency-brake magnetand said first-named connections to establish a fixed fulcrum in thelatter when the emergency-brake magnet is energized and permit the 1110-the brake when the same is energized.

In brake apparatus, the combination with a main-brake'magnet, of anemergency brake ma net, a brake, brake-applying means, bra lre-releasinmeans, andpositive connections between the said brake-releasing meansand said emergency-brake magnet to render the brake-releasing meansoperative only when the emergency-brake magnet is energized.

'2'. In brake apparatus, the combination with a brake, ofbrake-applyingmeans, exgosed adjusting means for the latter, a main rakemagnet, an auxiliary brake magnet, and means coacting withsaid magnetsfor releasing said brake. 8. In brake apparatus, the combination with abrake and a brake appl device, of a main-brake m agnet and an auxiiary-b'rake magnet, means operated by both of said magnets for releasingthe, brake, and a single brake-stand for supporting the said magnets,the brakeapplying device, and the brake-re, leasin device.

9-. n brake apparatus, the combination with a brake, of bi'akeeapplyingmeans, a main-brake magnet, an emergency-brake magnet, an electricswitch controlled by said last-named magnet, and connections between.theaforesaid parts to effect arelease of the brake when both magnetsare energized, and the closing of the switch when the'main magnet is.denergized whether the auxiliary magnet is energized or not.

10.111 brake a ar'atus, the combination with a brake, of brake-applyingmeans, a main-brake magnet, and an auxiliary-brake magnet, an armaturefor said auxiliary mag- I net, connections between said main magnet andsaid brake, a connecting-rod between sald armature and connections, andmeans coacting with said rod for relieving the strain on the armaturewhen the emergency-brake magnet is deenergized and the main magnet liftsand lets fall the said armature.

1 1. In brake apparatus, the combination with a brake and. abrakeapplying device, of a main magnet, an auxiliary magnet comprising acup or pot nearly inclosing the coil and core of the magnet, an armaturemovable over said core and cup, loose connections between said mainmagnet and said brake and brake applying device, a connecting-rodbetween said armature and connections for establishing a fixed fulcrumin the latter when the auxiliary magnet is energized, and

means for relieving the strain of the armature on the cup when thearmature is lifted by the main magnet through said coni1ections andconnecting-rod '12. in brake apparatus, the combination with a brake. ofbrake-applying means, a main-brake magnet, an auxiliary-brake magnet, anelectriclswitch controlled by the latsevens ten gnagnet, a rock-plateconnecting said mainj magnet and brake, connections between anintermediate portion of said late and said emergency brake magnet to eeat a -fixed fulcrum at such intermediateporticn When theemergency-brake magnet 18 energized, and a bell-crankpivotedindependently -means.

'a brake, brake-ap .5

magnet, an auxi iary-brake magnet in air-- cuit with said safety-switch,an electric switch in circuit-with the'controlling-switch in thecar andheld closed when the emen gency-or'ake magnet is energized, and meanscoacting withsardimagnets for releasing said brake Whenboth' inagnetsare energized.

14.. In emergency-brake apparatus, the

combination with a brake, of a brake-applying device, a main magnet, anemergencymagnet normally energized, an armature for saidemergency-magnet, an electric switch operated by said armature, arock-plate connecting the main magnet to the brake and to thebrake-applying device, an independentlymounted bell-crank connected tothe brake and brake-applying device, a link connecting the armature andan intermediate portion of said rock-plate, a single brake-standfor theaforesaid parts, anda partition in said stand for limiting the movementof said armature against the emergency-brake magnet.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in'thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

GRAHAM B. GROSVENOR.

